Koi will typically need to be 10" to 14" to lay eggs. Now that is small for a female to lay eggs but I have seen it happen. Usually the female will be in her second to third year if they are laying eggs so consider them mature if you will.
The baby koi with the big bellies may have some internal problems. Remember koi will lay thousands of eggs so not all of them are meant to be reared. Nature has a way of natural selection. In fact the big bellied koi somehow were sucked into the bottom drain circuit, right? In the wild they would have been "toast". That's my thought.
It's great to hear your fish have spawned!
The Pond Digger